The Open Smart Charging Protocol (OSCP) plays a crucial role in transmitting physical net capacity from the Distribution System Operator (DSO) or site owner to the back office of the charge spot operator. This facilitates a more precise local available capacity forecast for the Charge Spot Operator. Subsequently, the Service Provider adjusts electric vehicle charging profiles within the confines of available capacity.
Functioning as an open communication protocol between charge points and energy management systems, OSCP communicates a power grid capacity forecast. Electric car charging profiles are adapted within the capacity constraints set by the Service Provider.
Hosted by the Open Charge Alliance, OSCP has two versions – OSCP 1.0 (2015) and OSCP 2.0 (2020) – both established by the same organization responsible for the OCPP protocol. The versions feature modifications to terminology and specification documents, along with architectural improvements to cater to a broader audience.
How does OSCP Work?
The primary function is to provide a grid capacity forecast to the Charge Point Operator, allowing profile adjustments for optimal energy demand without overloading the grid. Focusing on OSCP 2.0, the primary version, the Open Smart Charging Protocol’s developers have established a precisely defined domain model as the basis for the entire specification. This model includes:
1. Flexibility Resource
Devices that can consume energy in a controlled manner, such as electric vehicles, battery-powered devices, or heat pumps. Flexibility is determined by either time or the amount of energy consumed or created.
2. Flexibility Provider
A unit that oversees flexibility resources, such as Charge Point Operators. The OSCP does not define the control techniques these providers use.
3. Capacity Provider
This company manages a specialized energy network, such as a Distribution System Operator (DSO) or Energy Management System (EMS). It establishes constraints for flexibility providers but has no direct control over flexibility resource management.
OSCP also introduces the concept of a Capacity Optimizer, a fourth participant whose function is to help flexibility providers ensure the most optimal solutions.
Also See: What is Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP)?
Why is Open Smart Charging Protocol (OSCP) Needed?
To tackle challenges and enhance charging efficiency, OSCP is needed in the following ways:
1. Forecasting Grid Capacity
OSCP forecasts grid capacity for Charge Point Operators every 24 hours.
2. Information Flow
The Capacity Provider informs the Flexibility Provider of upcoming grid events and potential capacity estimations.
3. Addressing Passive Charging Issues
Passive charging, where a charger operates at full capacity regardless of demand, can strain the energy infrastructure and increase electricity prices during peak demand.
4. Cost and Environmental Implications
OSCP is required when rising power costs lead to higher input during peak demand, resulting in costly energy production. Furthermore, greater energy output contributes to higher emissions, reducing the environmental friendliness of electric vehicles.
5. Smart Charging
OSCP is essential for enabling smart charging, a system that effectively balances energy intake and outtake, thereby addressing various concerns associated with charging processes.
6. Alignment with Innovative Trends
OSCP aligns eMobility with emerging trends in the energy sector, ensuring effective energy demand management and environmental sustainability.
Recommended: What are EV Charging Phases?
