Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), is also known as Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM). It is a technique used in electronic communication. Here, the width of pulses is changed in a carrier signal according to a modulating signal. Unlike other modulation techniques, this method keeps the amplitude of the pulses constant and focuses on varying their width.
One key aspect of PWM is that it is less affected by noise. Since the amplitude remains constant, any noise introduced during transmission causes very little distortion in the amplitude. However, these variations can be easily eliminated at the receiver side of the transmission using a limiter circuit. So, PWM is less prone to signal degradation caused by noise. In this way, PWM is preferable compared to other modulation techniques like Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) due to this noise cancellation feature.
Where PWM Technique is Used?
PWM is used in solar controllers and inverters to control and adjust the amplitude of a signal by tuning the pulse width of another signal. In solar energy systems, this technique can regulate the average voltage and current delivered to the load by rapidly turning the power on and off. Thus, by varying the ratio of on-time to off-time, the total power delivered to the load can be controlled.
One major benefit of using PWM is that it has low power loss in switching devices. When the switch remains off, current flow is very minimal, and when it is turned on, there is very little drop in voltage. This reduces power loss in the system. PWM is also suitable for digital controls as it enables easy adjustment of the required duty cycle.
To sum up, PWM is an easy and effective modulation technique. By adjusting the width of pulses in a carrier signal, it transmits information, even in the presence of noise. It is also used in digital communication, power electronics, and control systems.
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