Reverse Current Protection is a mechanism or circuit that aims to prevent the flow of electrical current in the opposite direction of its intended operation. When the voltage at the output of a system exceeds the input voltage, reverse current flow occurs. This can cause increased power dissipation and potential damage to internal circuitry, power supply components, cables, and connectors.
In power systems, metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors or MOSFETs are commonly used as switches. However, their built-in body diodes are incapable of blocking reverse current when the MOSFET is in the off state. This absence of protection can result in additional energy wastage.
This protection method is important for keeping delicate components, like capacitors with low voltage tolerance and LEDs, safe from harm caused by reverse currents. Each protection method has its own advantages and disadvantages, taking into account factors like cost, efficiency, voltage drop, and circuit board space requirements.
Reverse Current Protection Using Diode
Reverse Current Protection using Diode is a fundamental and necessary use of a diode. It entails incorporating a diode into a circuit’s power supply in order to prevent the flow of reverse current.
When a diode is connected in series with the power supply, it acts as an open circuit when the battery is connected in reverse polarity. As a result, the circuit path is interrupted, effectively safeguarding the load from reverse current.
However, it is important to acknowledge that using a diode for protection against reverse current can lead to heat generation. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that power dissipation is maintained within acceptable limits. A diode with low forward voltage, such as a Schottky diode, is used to reduce power loss and protect against reverse current.
Also Read: What is Cathodic Protection?
