For working, solar panels are largely dependent on sunlight. On sunny days, solar panels produce maximum output, but what about hazy or cloudy days? what could be the 100 watt solar panel output on cloudy days? Since photovoltaic cells do not require direct sunlight, what is solar panel cloudy day efficiency?
What is Solar Output?
The total amount of electricity generated by the solar power system that is delivered to the utility at the point of interconnection is known as solar output. In other words, the amount of electricity generated for a given time period, say 1 month, is known as the output of the solar panels. This output is expressed in terms of kilowatt-hours (kWh). Whereas the solar output of the sun is around 1361 watts per square meter. This is known as solar irradiance.
What is 100 Watt Solar Panel Output on Cloudy Day?
On a normal sunny day, the production by your solar panels could be around 400 watts. This can reduce on a cloudy day. It depends on the amount of sunlight or solar energy absorbed by the panels and the efficiency of solar panels. The quality of the solar panels determines the amount of decrease they face in terms of output on a cloudy day. A 20% decrease in the typical energy output could be expected on such days. And this can decline further if clouds thicken, and rain continues. The devices that a 100 watts solar system can power on a sunny day like cell phones, lights, laptops, fans, etc. may not be powered the same on a cloudy day. You can power one device at a time on a cloudy day with a 100-watt solar panel. But this also depends on the exposure of the sun received by the solar panels.
If on a nice bright day with approx 4 peak hours of sunlight your 100-watt solar panel produces 30 amp-hours in a day, then on a cloudy day this number can come down to a quarter.
What are Determinants of Power Output of a Solar Panel?
Other than the model of the solar panels, there are certain factors that determine the amount of output you receive from the panels.
1. Efficiency
Modern solar is capable of absorbing 20% of solar energy during the day. This enables them to reach about 400 watts in a day. Combining cell efficiency with the size of each solar panel determines the power rating of the solar panel. A power rating tells you the amount of wattage that could be produced by each panel.
2. Number of Solar Cells
For you to understand it better divide the categories of solar panels into 60-cell solar panels and 72-cell solar panels.
- 60-cell solar panels – 5.4 feet tall and 3.25 feet wide. The wattage is in the range of 300 to 350 watts.
- 72-cell solar panels – Typically large with an extra pair of rows with output between 350-watt and 400-watt
3. Types of Solar Panels
Based on the material of solar panels, can be of 3 types: monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous solar panels. The former 2 have the same features, but the efficiency of monocrystalline solar panels is higher than polycrystalline. The last one is the least known due to its low efficiency and power production. These are important determinants of 100 watt solar panel output on cloudy day.
- Monocrystalline: They are more efficient and expensive than others. They are made of pure silicon, and they underwent a complicated process while being manufactured. It grows the long crystal rods to enhance their efficiency. Cells are formed by slicing the rods into translucent wafers. Their efficiency range is about 24.4%.
- Polycrystalline: Their efficiency is a bit less than monocrystalline, but they are affordable. These solar panels are made by comprising multiple polycrystalline cells, and they have a shattered glass appearance. Their efficiency is about 19.9%.
- Amorphous: They are made of thin silicon layers with glass or metal base material. They are the cheapest. This solar panel is 18.9% efficient.
Also Read: Why Transparent Solar Panels Are The Future?
What is 200 Watt Solar Panel Output on Cloudy Day?
With a 200-watt solar panel you can easily run small household appliances like coffee makers, LED lights, radios, mini projectors, laptops, and a microwave. This is from the output of the solar panel on a sunny day, but this reduces on a cloudy day. The estimated output of a 200-watt solar panel is around 700 to 1300 watts-hours on a sunny day. This will reduce by 10% to 20% on cloudy days. Therefore, to keep the battery storage last longer, you need to cut down on the usage of some appliances. Now you know about 200 watt solar panel output on cloudy day. After this, you should also explore about 500 watt solar panel output on cloudy day.
What is 500 Watt Solar Panel Output on Cloudy Day?
On an average sunny day, typically a 500-watt solar panel will generate about 2 kilowatt-hours. In a year, the output is about 731 kilowatt-hours, which can vary from location to location and with changes in other factors also. A 500-watt solar panel is sufficient to run LEDs, laptops, fans, air conditioners, heaters, microwaves, and refrigerators. Now, on a cloudy day, there will be a decrease in this output, and it will be about 1600 watt-hours or 1.6 kilowatt-hours or so. This perfectly explained 500 watt solar panel output on cloudy day.
What is 750 Watt Solar Panel Output on Cloudy Day?
A 750-watt panel consists of 3 panels of 250 watts each with 24 Volts and 8.2 Amps rating. Suppose 1 solar panel of 250 watts produces 1000 watts hours or 1 kilowatt-hour, then 3 such panels will produce 3000 watts-hours or 3 kilowatt-hours. Solar panels with such high-power production are mostly put to commercial use. There is a reduction in 100-watt solar panel output on cloudy days, and there will be a reduction in 750-watt solar panels also. So, you can assume it to be around 2500 watt-hour to 2600 watt-hours or less per cloudy day. After this, let’s learn about 1000 watt solar panel output on cloudy day.
What is 1000 Watt Solar Panel Output on Cloudy Day?
1000-watt solar panel is formed by joining 5 solar panels of 200 watts each or 10 panels of 100 watts each. The power output of 1 panel of 200 watts is 700-1300 watts-hours then 5 panels will produce around 3500 watts-hours to 6500 watts-hours. A 100-watt solar panel generates 300-watt-hours to 600 watt-hours. So, 10 such solar panels will generate around 3000 watts-hours to 6000 watts-hours. Since there is an estimated 10% to 20% decrease in the output on a cloudy day.
Therefore, the estimated output of a 1000-watt solar panel with 200-watt panels could be around 2800-watt-hours to 5200 watt hours. And with 10 solar panels at 100 watts each, the output could be 2400 watts-hours to 4800 watts-hours. Since a 1000-watt solar panel efficiently runs:
- 2 fans (60 watts each)
- 5 CFL lamps (20 watts each)
- Mobile charger
- Laptop
- Cooler
- TV
With less production in output, the number of appliances you could run on it also reduces. Or the time period for which you use them gets shortened.
The table is based on the average of 4 peak sun hours per day and 30.4375 as the average month length in many parts of the United States. This output can vary and tend to change in weather and seasonal climatic changes.
Rated Output-Watts (W) | Average Monthly Output kilowatt-hour (kWh) | Average Yearly Output kilowatt-hour (kWh) | Number of panels for a 6 kilowatt (kW) system |
275 | 33.5 | 401.8 | 22 |
300 | 36.5 | 483.3 | 20 |
325 | 39.6 | 478.4 | 19 |
350 | 42.6 | 511.3 | 18 |
375 | 45.6 | 547.9 | 16 |
400 | 48.7 | 584.4 | 15 |
Well, now you know 100 watt solar panel output on cloudy day is not the same as that of a sunny day. But sunlight is not the only determinant of the output. Other factors responsible for the solar panel cloudy day efficiency are its location, rating, types of panels, etc. So, what is the output of your solar panel on a cloudy and sunny day? Is there a huge difference?
Recommended: How Many Solar Panels and Batteries to Power a House
1 Comment
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