By employing various techniques and optimizing system components, we can enhance energy capture and reduce waste. In this guide, we explore various other ways to increase solar panel efficiency and make the most of it.
How to Increase Solar Panel Efficiency?
Solar efficiency refers to the percentage of sunlight that solar panels can convert into usable electricity to power appliances. Factors like temperature, orientation, shade, and cell type influence efficiency.
Solar panels’ efficiency and output can vary under different conditions, but there are proactive measures to enhance their performance and optimize solar system layout or array. We can increase solar panel efficiency through the following ways.
1. Eliminate Shade
Direct sunlight is not necessary for solar panels to work. Yes, that is true, but solar panels under shade do not produce the required output. Trees, buildings, water tanks, and even poles can shade the panels. Lower outputs due to shading are more prominent in series-connected systems.
Solution – In case of trees, you can trim the branches shading the panels. Installation place should be selected after considering all such factors because poles and water tanks cannot be moved. Thus, in such a scenario, using microinverters or power optimizers are recommended.
Also Read: 11 Major Factors Affecting Solar Panel Efficiency
2. Ensure Optimal Orientation
Proper angle orientation is essential for increasing solar panel efficiency. Mostly, the ideal orientation is that solar panels should be facing south. This ensures maximum sunlight exposure throughout the day, resulting in the highest possible output. For this solar panel mounting structures are available to place the panels at the required height and angle.
3. Clean Solar Panels
Many of us consider PV panels are self-cleaned by air and water but that is not true. Just like other machinery products, solar panels also require maintenance and occasional cleaning. How frequently they need to be cleaned depends on the climatic conditions of our region.
Do you know: Natural dust accumulation for 3 months can result in a 13% decline in output power of solar panels.
Yes, natural dust has a proportionate influence on PV panel’s performance. And this is measured in terms of how long it accumulates. Now it is quite clear how cleaning solar panels does make a difference in the solar output.
4. Opt for High-Efficiency Solar Panel Models
To begin with, solar panel efficiency is good or bad, it depends on their labelled efficiency. If you go for higher efficiency panels then output is better, and vice versa. Material, panel structure, and brand are the main factors affecting their efficiency rating.
You can go for panels with higher efficiency ratings, but this may increase the initial investment cost a bit. However, they offer a better output and are beneficial in the long run.
Hence, in this regard, monocrystalline (grade A) solar panels are considered best. They offer the highest output and longer lifespan. And, if you are leasing a solar system, it is better to go for the best possible option to benefit in the long run.
Read here to better understand the concept of gap between two solar panels.
5. Hire a Professional Installer
Proper installation is crucial for maximizing solar panel efficiency and electricity generation. Key factors to consider during installation are as follows:
- Orientation of the panels – Install panels facing south if you live in the Northern Hemisphere, and north-facing if you live in the Southern Hemisphere.
- Angle of the panels – The ideal angle for solar panels is typically between 18° and 36° to ensure optimal sunlight exposure.
- Temperature control – To prevent overheating, leave sufficient gaps between solar panels and between roof and panels. This improves air circulation and reduces chances of lack of efficiency.
A professional technician/installer will work according to these considerations. Most solar EPC companies provide these services.
6. Do Regular Preventive Checks
To maintain your solar system’s efficiency, it’s crucial to schedule quarterly preventive checks. Professional engineers can thoroughly examine all modules and components, ensuring they function properly and identifying any potential discrepancies in panel output that might otherwise go unnoticed. Additionally, you can use an online monitoring system to regularly check the power output.
Things to Avoid
While it’s essential to maximize generation, it is not advised to self-install mirrors, reflectors, or solar concentrators aimed at concentrating sunlight. These methods can damage the solar modules and even void your warranty. These techniques are panel-based and not all PV panels can work effectively with these components.
7. Use Energy Management Software
Connect your solar panels to energy management software. It allows you to keep a close watch on your energy generation levels per day and per month. By doing so, you can quickly identify any unexpected decreases in efficiency and take prompt action to address potential issues. This way you can troubleshoot minor issues and seek expert support for more significant ones.
Also See: How to Connect Solar Panel to Battery Without Charge Controller
8. Invest in Anti-Reflection Coatings
Generally, a good portion of sunlight reaching the panels is lost through reflection and only the remaining converts into electricity. Anti-reflection coating reduces reflection rate and increases absorption rate, thus, enhancing the output.
Some high-quality solar panels come with anti-reflection coating. Thus, enquire about the panels you install to ensure whether they have the coating or not.
9. Use Latitude-Based Angles
To maximize the efficiency of your solar panels, it’s essential to calculate the best roof angle or slope for your geographical location. It is also important to consider the roof slope angle while deciding the angle for solar panels during installation.
The angle should be approximately equal to your geographic latitude. This means that the closer you are to the equator, the more vertically your panels should be positioned. By aligning your panels at the correct angle, they will receive the most direct sunlight throughout the year, ensuring optimal energy absorption and conversion.
Let’s take an example: If you reside in Boulder, Colorado, situated at 40º N latitude, the most efficient setup for your panels would involve facing them directly toward the geographic south at a 40º angle.
Also See: What is Meant by Roof Orientation?
10. Manage Power Consumption
To optimize the efficiency of solar power systems and prolong battery life, consider reducing the number of devices running on solar power, simultaneously. Using less power has a direct impact on battery drain, as operating at lower power levels allows you to utilize stored energy for an extended duration.
Some simple steps to follow:
- Avoid running heavy energy-intensive appliances (dishwasher, microwave oven, washing machine) at the same time.
- Turn off lights, fans, and unplug devices when not in use
11. Enhance the System with Backup Batteries
Adding solar batteries enhances the solar system’s power to store unused energy during the day. This power can be used as and when needed. This way, the potential efficiency of solar panels is not lost. Moreover, install a battery system in close proximity to solar array to reduce energy loss during transmission.
Also Read: Solar Battery Charging Basics: Maximizing Efficiency and Safety
12. Increase Solar Panel Efficiency with Mirrors
Yes, it can be done but only if your solar system is ideal. Mirrors help in focusing additional sunlight onto the panels. This increases their absorption rate, thus giving more output.
Note: We do NOT recommend self-installation or mirrors or any reflectors. It is advised to confirm with your solar panel provider company for such installations.
Why Do Solar Panels Lose Efficiency Over Time?
Yes, solar panels lose efficiency over time and this phenomenon is termed panel degradation. It can be Light Induced Degradation (LID) or Potential Induced Degradation (PID). It happens due to UV exposure and adverse weather conditions. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory approximates this degradation at 0.5% to 0.8% annually, resulting in a corresponding drop in annual production.
Increasing solar panel efficiency not only enhances energy generation but also contributes to a sustainable future. Incorporating advanced technologies, optimal positioning, and regular maintenance can significantly boost your panel’s efficiency. Explore our website for more such helpful articles, and do not forget to share and spread awareness.
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